"Winter is easy to pass, but spring is difficult." this is a flower proverb that flower growers have summed up the experience and lessons of cold fearing flowers coming out of the room in spring. People are more careful about the cold fearing flowers when they enter the house in winter, so they are easy to spend. However, when the wintering flowers are out of the room, due to carelessness or improper maintenance, they often lead to the potted flowers which are still green in winter and wither, fall leaves or even die soon after leaving the room. Therefore, learning and mastering the common sense of flower growth law in practice is the key to maintain the potted flowers in spring.
1. Exercise the adaptability before leaving the room
After a winter indoors, most of the flowers are in a dormant state, and have been used to warm and windless environment. It is difficult to adapt to the cold wind when it comes out of the room. Therefore, it is necessary to increase ventilation and light transmission in the first half of the month after leaving the room. Open the window during the day and close the window at night to keep the room temperature from 6 ℃ to 12 ℃. Two weeks later, they were moved out of the room during the day. If the temperature was too low at night, they were moved back to the room, and then moved out the next morning, so that it had a gradual adaptation process (7-10 days).
2. There is a sequence of going out of the room
Because the sensitivity of various flowers to temperature is different, the cold resistance is not the same, so potted flowers out of the room should be in order. Flowers with stronger cold tolerance, such as jasmine bicolor, Primula germanica, longevity flower, Impatiens helvetii, Trollius, lotus, camellia, camellia, camellia, Rhododendron, penglaisong, etc., can leave the room at a stable temperature of about 10 ℃. Some native tropical flowers with poor cold tolerance, such as jasmine, Milan, Fusang, poinsettia, Pearl Orchid, colored leaf grass, green rose, etc., should be out of the room later. In the south, it should be a few days before and after the Qingming Festival, and in the north it should be a few days before and after the grain rain.
3. The first time out of the room, it should be protected from the sun and cold wind
It is best to choose cloudy weather for potted flowers to go out of the room. If you leave the room on a sunny day, you should avoid strong sunlight at noon. Especially for some flowers that are afraid of sun exposure in summer, such as Cyclamen, Daphne, Impatiens of New Guinea, and Zhulan, if you come out of the room, you will be exposed to strong light at the temperature above 20 ℃, which may cause sunburn, leaf wilting and yellowing, and even death of the whole plant. Half shade and shade loving flowers, such as green rose, azalea, spring feather, asparagus, Clivia, should be placed in the morning or evening visible direct light, around noon can avoid the sun.
In the Yangtze River Basin, it is easy to have cold or hail in the spring, which has a great impact on the flowers and seedlings that have just sprouted. In light, the buds and seedlings will be dehydrated or damaged by freezing, and even the whole plant will die. Therefore, in case of late spring cold or hail after leaving the room (pay attention to the weather forecast), you can move the flowers out of the room back to the room, or cover them with plastic film.
4. Gradually increase the amount of watering, do not pour too much water
Potted flowers are used to dry soil indoors, and they just wake up from dormancy in early spring, and the water absorption function of roots is still recovering gradually. At this time, if the soil is too wet, it will easily lead to rotten roots. Especially for some drought resistant flowers and flowers that have just been dormant for a short time, the soil moisture is more likely to rot. Therefore, the potted flowers should spray more water to the stems and leaves, less water, and the soil should be slightly wetter than when it is indoors. From early spring to late spring, with the increase of temperature and the growth of plants, the amount of water can be gradually increased to make it adapt gradually and meet the needs of growth.
5. Fertilizer should be thin, avoid thick and excessive
In spring, the demand for nutrients is gradually increasing when flowers are revived. When they first come out of the room, the root's function of absorbing fertilizer is still recovering. At this time, it is harmful and unhelpful to apply fertilizer vigorously, especially the application of concentrated fertilizer, which often leads to the death of root burning. Therefore, it is better to let potted flowers grow naturally when they are just out of the room. They should not be busy fertilizing in a week or two, and then fertilize according to the situation after they adapt to the environment. For foliage plants and flowers flowering in summer and autumn, light liquid nitrogen fertilizer was applied first to promote their branches and leaves. With the increase of temperature and the growth of plants, the amount of fertilizer was gradually increased, and the compound fertilizer of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium was applied. For flowers blooming in spring and early summer, NPK compound fertilizer was applied at the beginning, from thin to thick, from less to more, and stopped when the flower bud was about to bloom.
6. Change the soil in the basin and trim it properly
Potted flowers, especially perennial herbaceous flowers, after one year's growth, the nutrients in the pot soil have been basically exhausted, and the roots grow full of the basin wall, forming a root circle layer. Watering and fertilizing often go down from the root ring layer to the bottom of the pot, but the pot soil is difficult to absorb. Therefore, flowers in early spring should turn over pots and change soil before entering the room at the end of autumn and the beginning of winter, while other flowers should turn pots and change soil when they leave the room in spring. Woody flowers can be changed in the early spring every two or three years. Except for a few flowers such as camellia, which can be replaced by bare roots, most of the other flowers should keep 1 / 2 to 1 / 3 of the old soil, and properly prune the old roots to promote the development of new roots.
Flowers and trees in indoor maintenance for a winter, due to various reasons, some branches withered, necrosis. Therefore, after leaving the room, it is necessary to cut off the dead branches, thin and weak branches and Cross branches, and to cut off the over dense branches and the long branches, so as to make the crown beautiful, ventilated and transparent, and conducive to flowering and fruiting.
