Outside, the new coronavirus is rampant, and the daily diagnosis and death information is so frightening that people buy masks and disinfectants to prevent it. For a while, not only could not buy masks, even "75% alcohol" was sold out, and a bottle was hard to find. Can high purity alcohol disinfect? How to prepare 75% alcohol? Let's answer them one by one today!
Can high purity alcohol disinfect?
The main component of alcohol is ethanol, and ethanol can denature protein to play the role of sterilization. However, pure ethanol could not penetrate into the inner layer of cell wall, so the germicidal efficacy of pure ethanol was not good. 75% ethanol is used for medical disinfection. Similarly, the solvent of iodine tincture (commonly known as iodine wine) is also ethanol.
High purity ethanol (~ 95%) can dehydrate bacterial cells, but can not completely kill the bacterial cells in the bacterial cell membrane, because high-purity ethanol can not completely dissolve the cell membrane composed of phospholipids, and can not make the cytoplasmic flow out to kill bacteria. If the concentration of alcohol is too high, it will coagulate the protein on the surface of bacteria immediately and form a hard layer. This layer of dura will protect bacteria and prevent further penetration of alcohol. Therefore, the disinfection and sterilization effect of high concentration alcohol (95%) is not as good as that of dilute alcohol (70-75%).
The results showed that 99% bactericidal effect could be achieved as long as the concentration of alcohol ranged from 70% to 78%, and it was not necessary to dilute it to a very accurate level.
The use of alcohol varies with its concentration
95% alcohol is used to wipe UV lamps. The alcohol is commonly used in hospitals, but only used for camera lens cleaning in the home.
Alcohol is used for disinfection. This is because excessive concentration of alcohol will form a protective film on the surface of bacteria, preventing it from entering the body of bacteria, and it is difficult to completely kill the bacteria. If the alcohol concentration is too low, it can enter the bacteria, but it can not coagulate the protein in the body, and can not kill the bacteria completely.
Alcohol can prevent bedsore. The back, waist and buttocks of long-term bedridden patients can cause bedsore due to long-term pressure. If a little alcohol is poured into the hands during massage and the pressure parts of patients are evenly massaged, the local blood circulation can be promoted and the formation of bedsore can be prevented.
Alcohol can be used for physical antipyretic. High fever patients can be used to wipe the body, to achieve the purpose of cooling. Because wiping the skin with alcohol can dilate the blood vessels of the patient's skin, increase the heat dissipation capacity of the skin, and its volatility can also absorb and take away a lot of heat, so as to relieve the symptoms. But the alcohol concentration should not be too high, otherwise it may stimulate the skin and absorb a large amount of moisture from the epidermis. The specific method is: wet gauze or small towel with alcohol, twist to half dry, wipe neck, chest, armpit, limbs and hands and feet.
Teach you to make 75% alcohol
At present, it is difficult to buy "75% alcohol" on the market, but if you can buy 95% alcohol, you can mix it to the most suitable state for disinfection.
95% alcohol is blended into 75% alcohol, the ratio is (alcohol: water = 4:1), that is, 4 cups of alcohol mixed with 1 cup of water can be used.
How to use alcohol safely and effectively?
1. Pay attention to indoor ventilation
When alcohol is used indoors, it is necessary to ensure indoor ventilation. Cloth cleaning tools such as towels dipped in alcohol should be cleaned with a large amount of water after use, and then stored in airtight condition or put in a ventilated place to dry.
2. Safe use of alcohol
Whether it is home or office environment, use alcohol disinfection before cleaning the surrounding combustible materials, do not spray directly in the air.
Alcohol has a low ignition point and is easy to ignite in case of fire and heat. Do not close to the heat source and avoid open fire when using. To disinfect the surface of electrical appliances, turn off the power supply first and wait for the appliances to cool down. If you wipe the kitchen stove with alcohol, turn off the fire source first, so as to avoid deflagration caused by alcohol volatilization. When using, the upper cover of the container must be closed immediately after each use, and it is strictly forbidden to open it.
3. Alcohol should not be stored up at home
Alcohol is a flammable and volatile liquid. Residents can buy small bottles of alcohol when disinfecting their homes with alcohol. It is appropriate to use enough alcohol. Do not store a large amount of alcohol to avoid fire safety risks.
4. Keep away from light to prevent dumping and damage
Containers for receiving, temporarily storing and using alcohol must be reliably sealed, and containers without covers are strictly prohibited. Glass bottles should be avoided to prevent falling and damage. Do not put in the balcony, stove and other heat source environment, also do not put in the vicinity of power socket and wall, table corner, etc., to prevent accidental collision and toppling. It can be stored in a cool place such as cabinet, cover tightly when storing, and label well to avoid volatilization.
5. Keep out of reach of children
For families with young children, alcohol should be kept out of the reach of children. For older children, parents can explain the characteristics of alcohol to their children and teach them not to play with alcohol, let alone ignite it with fire.
